Mathematics comprises various areas such as arithmetic, algebra, analysis, set theory, geometry, and probability, just to name a few. ![]() In conclusion, our data indicate that flexibly modulating the extent of regional cerebral activity is characteristic for fluid intelligence. The negative brain activation–intelligence relationship in frontal brain regions in hi-fluIQ goes along with a better behavioral performance and reflects a lower demand for executive monitoring compared to ave-fluIQ individuals. Interestingly, the relation between brain activation and intelligence is not mono-directional, but rather, it is specific for each brain region. Thus, we showed that a similar network of brain regions is involved in geometric analogical reasoning in both groups. However, ave-fluIQ showed greater BOLD signal changes in the anterior cingulate cortex and medial frontal gyrus than hi-fluIQ. In addition to characterizing the brain regions involved in geometric analogical reasoning in hi-fluIQ and ave-fluIQ, we found that blood oxygenation level dependency (BOLD) signal changes were greater for hi-fluIQ than for ave-fluIQ in parietal brain regions. We employed a geometric analogical reasoning task with graded levels of task difficulty and confirmed the involvement of the parieto-frontal network in solving this task. The present study was designed to elucidate the cerebral correlates of geometric analogical reasoning in a sample of hi-fluIQ and ave-fluIQ high school students. Furthermore, evidence on the relation between brain activation and intelligence while solving cognitive tasks is contradictory. Although previous neuroimaging studies reported involvement of parietal and frontal brain regions in geometric analogical reasoning (which is a prototypical task for fluid intelligence), however, neuroimaging findings on geometric analogical reasoning in hi-fluIQ are sparse. ![]() People with high fluid intelligence (hi-fluIQ) perform better in analogical reasoning tasks than people with average fluid intelligence (ave-fluIQ). 7Ĝenter of Excellence Cognitive Sciences, Department of Linguistics, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germanyįluid intelligence is the ability to think flexibly and to understand abstract relations.6ĝepartment of Molecular Neuroscience, Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.5ĝepartment of Psychology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.4ĝepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, AU Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.3ěerlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.2ĝepartment of Psychology, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.1ĝepartment of Neurology, Berlin NeuroImaging Center, Charité – Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.Frank Krueger 6 and Isabell Wartenburger 1,3,7
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